Cognitive bias refers to the tendency of our brains to make automatic and sometimes inaccurate judgments or interpretations of information. It happens because our brains have limited capacity and rely on shortcuts to process the overwhelming amount of information we encounter every day. These shortcuts, or biases, can affect how we perceive, remember, and make decisions about things.

For example, confirmation bias is a common cognitive bias where we tend to seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore or downplay evidence that contradicts them. Another bias called availability bias happens when we give more weight to information that comes easily to mind, even if it’s not representative or accurate.

Cognitive biases can influence our thoughts, perceptions, and actions without us realizing it. They can sometimes lead us to make errors in judgment or hold onto false beliefs. Being aware of these biases can help us think more critically and make more...